All You Need To Know About Cardiovascular Diseases

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All You Need To Know About Cardiovascular Diseases

The terminology “cardiovascular disease” refers to any ailment that affects the heart or blood vessels. People with hypertension, diabetes, obesity, chronic kidney disease, and those who consume high levels of tobacco and alcohol have a greater chance of getting Cardiovascular Diseases. The following are the 4 major types of CVD:

1. Coronary Artery Disease

Atherosclerosis is the cause of coronary artery disease. The accumulation of plaque in your arteries is known as atherosclerosis. Plaque is made up of cholesterol, fatty substances, waste products, calcium, and the clotting agent fibrin. The insides of your arteries tighten and harden as plaque builds up. Plaque can block or damage your arteries, causing blood circulation to your heart muscle to be restricted or stopped. Your heart can't obtain the nutrients and oxygen it needs to function correctly if it doesn't get enough blood. Ischemia is the medical term for this illness. Chest discomfort or pain might result from a lack of blood flow to your cardiac muscle (called angina). It also raises your chances of having a heart attack.

2. Heart Failure/Congestive Heart Failure:

When the cardiac muscle doesn't pump the blood as well as it should, it causes heart failure, also known as congestive heart failure. When this happens, blood and fluid can back up in the lungs, producing dyspnea.

Certain cardiac disorders, such as restricted arteries in the heart (coronary artery disease) or hypertension, cause the heart to weaken or stiffen over time, making it unable to effectively fill and pump blood. Heart failure can be chronic (long-term) or acute sudden (acute).

3. Heart Valve Disease

One or more of your heart's valves fails to function correctly in heart valve disease. The four valves in your heart keep blood circulating in the right way. One or more of the valves may not open or close correctly in some situations. Blood flow from your heart to your body may be disturbed as a result of this.

Treatment for heart valve disease is determined by the afflicted heart valve, as well as the kind and degree of the illness. Heart valve illness may necessitate surgery to replace or repair the valve.

4. Cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy is a cardiac muscle condition that makes it difficult for the heart to pump blood throughout the body. Heart failure can result from cardiomyopathy.

Dilated, hypertrophic, and restrictive cardiomyopathy are the three primary forms of cardiomyopathy. The type of cardiomyopathy and severity of the condition determine treatment options, which may include drugs, surgically implanted devices, heart surgery, or, in extreme situations, a heart transplant.

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